Author Archive
Essentials of Modern Measurements —- Book Review
By Joe Lewis at 27 January, 2010, 7:27 am
“Essentials of Modern Measurements and Final Elements in the Process Industry” is a new book assembled by author Gregory K. McMillan, with a host of contributing writers. I first became aware of this new book from a post at ControlGlobal.com, one of the leading industry news and editorial sites on Internet. I was intrigued by the fact that someone took the time to put a new book together that was about process MEASUREMENT and not control automation. I remember GIGO (garbage-in, garbage-out) and still place a strong priority on measurement technologies rather than the control system. In the end, both are necessary but it is my opinion that many within the Measurement, Control and Automation industry seem to have forgotten about the process measurements and their importance.
I have completed much of the Level Measurement section, Section 5, which begins on page 229 and continues through 273. I have a few observations and constructive comments regarding this section of the book:
MEASURING SOLIDS LEVEL IS ABSENT. This book is definitely well written. My hat is off to the writers of this section on Level Measurement. They and the editor(s) did a fine job in writing the material. The illustrations are also well done. Bravo! However, there is a glaring absence of even a mention of level measurement of powders and bulk solids, which can be just as complex or more complex than liquid level measurements. I view this as a deficit in the book and feel a few pages could have and should have been devoted to this topic. A White Paper on the subject of continuous level and inventory measurement of powders and bulk solids may serve to fill the gap.
ABSENCE OF POINT LEVEL SENSING. Well I guess some folks don’t consider point level “level measurement” and in the strictest possible sense of the phrase it is arguable. However, even third-party market research firms such as Venture development Corporation include point level with continuous level when assessing the Process Level market. This subject should have been included, especially given the introduction of several point level products from a variety of companies rated for SIL-2 use, such as this unit from Magnetrol. I also point to the recent recommendation by the board that reviewed and assessed the aftermath of the Buncefield accident late in 2005. One of the conclusions stated that the failure of the inventory measurement sensor system and the absence of a separate overfill detection and prevention system may have been contributing factors to the accident. Point level sensors have a place within the “level measurement” arena.
FOCUS ON DP, RADAR AND ULTRASONIC. I do agree that these are very important technologies. I also concur that Radar, whether in its contact guided wave form or non-contact form, is the fastest growing technology for level measurement. DP and Ultrasonic also are large segments and heavily used. However, the absence of any discussion about Magnetosrtictive technology, Displacers and only a limited discussion on RF Admittance capacitance type sensors was disappointing, and those are for liquid apps. In addition, the category of smart weight & cable inventory systems, like all else for solids, was absent as well.
I definitely recommend this book as one of the better reference books available. However, I do feel and wished the above deficiencies would have been corrected before publishing.
Joe Lewis
BlueLevel Technologies, Inc.
www.bluelevetechnologies.com
joe@blueleveltechnologies.com
Dust Explosions and Fires Analyzed … What You Don’t Know Could Hurt You
By Joe Lewis at 15 September, 2009, 12:01 pm
Many of us work in companies that process bulk solid materials. Often this processing produces dust., lots of dust. That’s why there are dust collection systems and many companies that specialize in that area. Unfortunately sometimes there are hazards we don’t know about, or at least we may not be aware of them.
In a recent review of the reports coming from the investigation of the accidents in Buncefieeld England and at the BP facility in Texas City where failure of level detections systems contributed to major accidents, I was made aware of a CSB video that is really pretty cool, though scary and horrifying at the same time.
The USA Chemical Safety Board investigates accidents after they occur. They have spent considerable time investigating numerous accidents involving dust explosions and fires. This is well worth the viewing of this 30 minute video.
Remember, even the seemingly most benign dust can be hazardous. The reason dust hazards could be more serious than those as a result of vapors is because awareness and focus on dust related hazards is relatively low by comparison. Dust can be dangerous, be very respectful of it.
Joe Lewis
Read More >>Failure of Tank Overfill High Level System
By Joe Lewis at 21 July, 2009, 3:01 pm
What happens when your high level indicator fails without warning? Everyone knows the answer and we have talked about it before. The unknown failure of a high level sensor that is used for overfill protection can result in an overfilled condition that means lost material, clean-up, damage to equipment and even catastrophic events. People can and have died. This is preventable!
Recent conclusions from the review boards looking at the cause of the explosion at an oil depot in Buncefield England and the explosion a couple of years back at the BP facility in Texas City have cited level detection system failure and the need to utilize equipment meeting IEC 61511 requirements as part of a Safety Instrumented System is necessary. Read the full story here.
Level detection devices meeting SIL2 are commonly available for liquid level applications. However, not for powders and bulk solids. While loss of life may not be as high a risk with powders and solids, it remains a costly occurence to overfill a silo, even with plastic pellets.
Read More >>Six Sigma Works for Alarm Management
By Joe Lewis at 3 June, 2009, 8:08 am
Managing any process will require continuous improvement, at least if you want to manage it well. Aspects of continuous improvement, lean techniques and six sigma all call for metrics or measurements that are the standard the process needs to adhere to or exceed. A white paper addresses the application of six sigma techniques to alarm management. Click Here.
Promoting Slurry Flows
By Joe Lewis at 24 February, 2009, 9:18 am
In some applications a bulk powder, granular material and liquids may be combined to produced a thick slurry. One example is the production of concrete, either in a batch plant, precast operation, block plant or other type of facility. Depending on the angle of your discharge, the thickness of the slurry mix and the mixture ratios themselves, there may be a problem getting the mixture to flow readily.
One example where this problem can occur is with the discharge of concrete mix from mix trucks. 
Here’s a quick look at one of my concrete trucks, it’s a collectible die-cast of course. The problem associated with bulk material flow, even concrete, is two things, the cohesive strength of the material and the friction between the material and the material of the vessel the material needs to flow down. Check out the bulk solid material flow experts for more resources and information on flow properties.
The solution in most cases is using an industrial vibrator. This is for very good reason. For example, using our concrete truck illustration let’s look at an installation of a turbine vibrator on the discharge chute. In this case (shown in photo at top) the vibrator is quietly introducing several hundred pounds of force into the material through the wall of the chute to promote and maintain the concrete flow. In this case the Turbine vibrator replaced a piston type vibrator because of the noise associated with piston vibrators. The Turbine type is very quiet, well within OSHA guidelines.
Need help with a material flow problem? Give me a call at 800-262-2106 or 815-224-1200.
Joe Lewis
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